Scientist:Aristarchus of Samos
Aristarchus of Samos lived between (310 BC - 230 BC) a
great Greek astronomer and mathematician, from the ancient Alexandrian school.
He was born in Samos, Greece. Aristarchus is
distinguished by his bold astronomical thought. He studied astronomy and made
many important achievements in it, the most important of which is his idea about
the centrality of the sun within the solar system, making the sun the center of
the universe instead of the earth, and he preceded the theory of Copernicus by
about 18 centuries.
He was influenced by the thought of the philosopher
Philolaus, one of the followers of Pythagoras, although Philolaus had
established a central fire around which the earth, sun, moon, five planets and
the dome of stars revolve.
Aristarchus' theory revolves around the sun being at
the center of the universe and the earth revolving around it annually, and at
the same time revolving around its axis daily, and all five planets (at that
time) revolve around the sun, except for the moon, which revolves around the
earth.
As for the stars, they are fixed and their daily
movement is nothing but a trick caused by the Earth’s rotation around its axis
in the opposite direction. He concluded this based on his certainty that the sun
is larger than the moon and the Earth. It is not reasonable for the small-sized
Earth to control a large star like the sun.